Renal effects of non-tenofovir antiretroviral therapy in patients living with HIV

Milena M McLaughlin PharmD, MSc, Aimee J Guerrero BS, Andrew Merker PharmD

Abstract

A review of literature published regarding non-tenofovir antiretroviral agents causing renal adverse effects was conducted. The literature involving renal adverse effects and antiretroviral therapy is most robust with protease inhibitors, specifically atazanavir and indinavir, and includes reports of crystalluria, leukocyturia, nephritis, nephrolithiasis, nephropathy and urolithiasis. Several case reports describe potential nephropathy (including Fanconi syndrome) secondary to administration of abacavir, didanosine, lamivudine and stavudine. Case reports documented renal events such as acute renal failure, nephritis, proteinuria and renal stones with efavirenz administration. Regarding rilpivirine, a small increase of serum creatinine levels (SCr) was found in clinical trials; however, the clinical significance and impact on actual renal function is unknown. The integrase strand transfer inhibitors and enfuvirtide have a relatively safe renal profile, although studies have shown dolutegravir and raltegravir cause mild elevations in SCr without an impact on actual renal function. This is similar to the reaction observed with cobicistat, the pharmacokinetic enhancer frequently given with elvitegravir.

Article Details

Article Type

Review

DOI

10.7573/dic.212519

Categories

Publication Dates

Accepted: ; Published: .

Citation

McLaughlin MM, Guerrero AJ, Merker A. Renal effects of nontenofovir antiretroviral therapy in patients living with HIV. Drugs in Context 2018; 7: 212519. DOI: 10.7573/dic.212519

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